Overview

The Referencing@Portsmouth interactive guide helps you reference sources correctly based on published style guides and local practice.

Which Reference Style Should I Use?

Most departments at Portsmouth use the APA 6th ed. style. Exceptions include:

• If writing about law, or for a qualifying law degree, and asked for footnotes use the OSCOLA style
• The School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences uses the Vancouver style
• History units taught in the School of Social, Historical & Literary Studies use the Chicago 16th ed. style. Guidance is available from The Chicago Manual of Style Online.
• Biology related subjects use a slightly altered version of the APA style

Check your course/unit handbook if unsure.

Guidance for those who still need the APA 5th ed.